First of
all consider the sentence in question in terms of Remember the purpose of the
questions is to know or determine the structure kawaban paliing what about the
right to supplement deficiencies . Therefore, by observing carefully will know
the shortcomings and what is needed to complete it . Here you need to identify
the components of the sentence . That is , which is the subject (noun ) ,
prediket (verb ) , object (noun ) , adverbs , and so on. Consider each answer
is available , choose the most appropriate to complete kaliamat in question you
must consider each answer in the answer choices ( A ) , ( B ) , ( C ) , and ( D
) . By looking carefully you will soon find out which one is the right choice
to fill the gap in the sentence in question .
Of course
you need to equip themselves with adequate grammar abilities . Jadis a
detriment when studying grammar books.
Never
eliminate an answer choice just look at the answer without seeing the phrase
about Generally , each answer choice is maing a point when he stood
sendiri.Sebuah answer choice is right or wrong will be known once it is
inserted into the sentence.
We all know that in an
English sentence, there must be at least a Subject and a Verb.
Problems usually arise
in connection with the Subject and Verb are:
1. Verbnya Subject or
no.
2. Subject and Verbnya
no, or
3. Extra Extra Subject
and Verb.
Example 1:
....................
Was ringing continuously for hours.
(A) loudly
(B) In the morning
(C) The phone
(D) The bells
analysis:
• The above sentence
has a verb that was ringing, but not memilikiSubject.
• From the answer
choices; (A) loudly and (B) In the morning one because both are adverb. Answer
(D) The bells are also wrong because the bells are plural and incompatible with
the ringing was singular verb form. The best answer is (C) The phone due
phonesingular accordance with singular verbs and verb was ringing.
Example 2:
Newspapers _______ every morning and every evening.
(A) delivery
(B) are delivered
(C) on time
(D) Regularly
analysis:
• Subject that sentence above has Newspapers, but
not memilikiVerb.
• Answer (A) delivery, (C) on time and (D) Regularly
is wrong because they are not subject. Answer (B) are delivered correctly
because they are verbs.
Skill
2 ( Object of Preposition )
An object of a preposition is a noun (noun ) or a
pronoun ( pronoun ) located after the preposition ( preposition ) , as in , at
, of to , by , behind , and on the befungsi form a propositional phrase .
( English Version )
example :
The trip ( to the island ) ( on Saturday ) will last
( for three hours ) .
The sentence above contains three objects of the
preposition ; Island as the object of the preposition of to ; Saturday as the
object of the preposition of danthree hours on the object of the preposition of
for .
Padsa Structure TOEFL Test Section , the object of
the preposition can be confusing because many who suspect that the object of
the preposition is the subject of the sentence .
example :
To Mike ____ was a big surprise .
( A ) really
( B ) the party
( C ) funny
( D ) when
analysis :
• From the above sentence , it must be understood
that Mike ( noun ) open but the object of the preposition Subject of To .
• Subject of the sentence above does not exist ,
while Verbnya is was .
• Because it takes is the Subject , then the best
answer is ( B ) , the party . While ( A ) , ( C ) , and ( D ) is wrong because
they are not the Subject .
Should be remembered that :
Preposition followed by a noun or pronoun is called
the object of the preposition later .
If a word is the object of the preposition , the
word is not a Subject .
Exercise 2:
1. The name of the baby in the crib is Jack. (C)
analysis:
• The Crib is not subjedct, but only in the Object
of Preposition of.
• While the name and Vernya subjectnya is is is.
2. By the next meeting of the class need to turn in
the papers. (I)
analysis:
• Subject is not the class, but only the object of
the preposition of of.
• The sentence above does not have a Subject, but
has a verb that need to turn.
• correct sentence should By the next meeting of the
class they need to turn in the paper.
Skill
3 ( Present Participles )
Present Participle is a verb + ing .
For example : studying , driving , cooking
Use of Present participle in Structure TOEFL test
section is often confusing because fungsingya can as part of a verb ( part of
verb ) or an adjective ( adjective) .
1 . As part of the verb ( Part of a verb )
Present participle ( verb + ing ) will function as
part of a verb when used in conjunction with tobe ( am , is , are , was , and
were ) .
example :
The train is arriving at the station now .
The students are talking in the
classroom .
analysis :
• arriving is part of a verb because it is
accompanied by ( to be ) .
• talking is part of a verb because it was
accompanied by are ( to be )
2 . As an adjective ( Adjectives )
Present participle ( Verb + Ing ) serves as an
adjective if it is not accompanied by a to be ( am , is , are , was and were )
.
example :
The train arriving at the station now is an hour
late .
The students talking in the class look very happy .
analysis :
• arriving is an adjective because it is not
accompanied by some . Meanwhile , the above sentence is Subject train and
verbnya is is .
• adjective because talking is not accompanied by
some . Subject of the sentence above is students and verbnya is look .
example :
The movie ____ Appearing at the local theater is my
favorite .
( A ) now
( B ) is
( C ) it
( D ) was
analysis :
• Appearing not part of a verb but an adjective .
• Subject is a film and it is verbnya is .
• Answer ( B ) , ( C ) or ( D ) is incorrect because
the sentence above already has a verb .
• The best answer is ( A ) now.
EXERCISE 3 :
Look at the following sentences and check if they
are correct ( C ) orincorrect ( I) .
1 . The crying baby needs to be picked up . ( C )
ADJ
.
analysis :
• The sentence above is true because crying
functioning as an adjective .
• Subject of the sentence above is the baby , while
its verb adalahneeds to be picked up
2 . The clothes are lying the floor should go into
the washing machine . ( I)
VERB
analysis :
• any of the above sentences are lying because lying
is supposed to function as an adjective and not part of the verb (part of a
verb ) ..
• While the correct sentence is the clothes lying
the floor should go into the washing machine .
3 . The waitress bringing the steaming soup to the
waiting diners . ( I)
analysis :
• The sentence above is incorrect because supposedly
bringing bringing and function as part of a verb instead of an adjective .
• correct sentence should be The waitress is
bringing the steaming soup to the waiting diners .
4 . The Most of the striking workers are walking the
picket line . ( C )
analysis :
• The sentence above is true because striking
functioning as an adjective danwalking as part of a verb .
• Subject of the sentence above is the workers .
5 . For her birthday , the child is getting a
talking doll . ( C )
analysis :
• The sentence above is correct because getting to
function as part of a verb and after added is ( tobe ) became complete verb .
• While the Subject of the sentence above is the
child
Skill
4 ( Past Participles )
Verb III is the past participle of the verb .
Example : taught , Studied , left , cooked
Use of Past Participle in Structure Questions are
often confusing because neniliki two functions , ie part of a verb ( a part of
the verb ) and the adjective ( an adjective) .
1 . As part of a verb
Past participle will serve as part of a verb ( part
of a verb ) when accompanied by have , has , had and be ( am , is , are , was ,
were ) .
example :
• The mailman has left a letter in the mailbox . (
Left is part of a verb )
• The classes were taught by Professor Smith . (
Taught is part of a verb )
analysis :
• In the first sentence , is left as part of a verb
accompanied by has .
• In the second sentence , is taught as part of the
verb curry accompanied by some ( were )
2 . As an adjective
Past Participle functioning as an adjective (
adjective ) if not accompanied with have , has , had or be ( am , is , are ,
and were ) .
example :
• The letter was left in the mailbox for me . ( Left
is ADJECTIVE )
• The classes are taught by Professor Smith were
very interesting . ( Taught is ADJECTIVE )
analysis :
• left is because it is not accompanied by the
adjective has / have or to be . While the first sentence is the Subject of the
letter and its verb is was .
• is taught because it is not accompanied by the
adjective has / have or to be . While Subject and verb of the second sentence
is the danwere classes .
The following example shows how the past participle
can be confusing .
The _____ baked bread this morning smelled delicious
.
( A ) has
( B ) was
( C ) it
( D ) just
analysis :
• baked bukanlan part of a verb , but an adjective .
Verb of the sentence above is smelled and its Subject is the bread .
• Answer ( A ) and ( B ) is incorrect because it
does not need a baked adjective and helping verb .
• Answer ( C ) is incorrect because the sentence
above already has a Subject .
• The best answer is just .
EXERCISE 4 : Each of the following sentences
contains one or more past participles . Circle the past participles , and label
them as adjectives or verbs . Then indicate if the sentences are correct
( C ) or incorrect ( I) .
1 . The food is served in this restaurant is
delicious . ( Incorrect )
analysis :
• is served should be served just as it serves as an
adjective .
• While it is Subject Verb The food and it is IS .
• correct sentence is the food served in this
restaurant is delicious .
2 . The plane landed on the deserted runway . (
Correct )
analysis :
• Subject is The place and Verb is landed
• Deserted is the adjective
3 . The unexpected guests arrived just at dinnertime
. ( Correct )
analysis :
• unexpected is the adjective .
• Subject and Verb her are her guests arrived .
4 . The courses are listed in the catalog are
required courses . ( Incorrect )
analysis :
• Listed are listed and should only serve as
adjectivebukan part of a verb .
• Subject courses and it is verbnya are required .
5 . The teacher found the lost exam . ( Correct )
analysis :
• lost is the adjective .
• Subject teacher while his is verbnya is found .
Skill
5 ( Coordinate Connector )
What is meant by the Coordinate Connector is AND ,
BUT , OR , or SO
Many words in English which consists of two clauses
( clauses are groups of words that consist of at least one Subject and a Verb (
Predicate ) .
When there are two sentences in English , we have to
combine it properly . Saalahs atu way to combine two kalusa is to use AND , BUT
, OR , or SO .
example :
1 . The sun was shining and the sky was blue .
2 . The sky was blue , but it was very cold .
3 . It may rain tonight , or it may be clear .
4 . It was raining outside , so I took my umbrella .
analysis :
• Fourth sentence consists of two clauses above and
everything in connecting with a Coordinate Coonector and a Comma .
The following example shows how to Coordinate
Connector in Tests in Structure Questions on the TOEFL Test .
example :
I forgot my coat , ____ I got very cold .
( A ) then
( B ) so
( C ) later
( D ) as a result
analysis :
• The sentence above has two clauses : I forgot my
coat and I got very cold . To connect , we have to use a Coonector . Then word
( A ) , later ( C ) , and as a result ( D ) is not a Connector . So the best
answer is ( B ) because so could connect the two clauses correctly .
EXERCISE 5 :
Exercise 5 below focus on issues Coordinate
Connector . Read the sentence and decide whether Correct answer is ( C ) or
Incorrect ( C ) .
1 . The lawn needs water every day , or it will turn
brown . ( C )
analysis :
• Both of the above are correct clause , as well as
Coordinate connectornya .
2 . The book was not long , it is difficult to read
. ( I)
analysis :
• The second clause has no verb ( is ) and Connector
.
• correct sentence is The book was not long , but it
is difficult to read .
3 . It was raining , so Decided not to go camping .
( I)
analysis :
• clause / second sentence does not have a Subject .
But it has a connector , so .
• correct sentence is supposed It was raining , so I
decided not to go camping .
4 . The material has been cut , and the pieces have
been sewn together . ( C )
analysis :
• Second sentence / clause is correct as well as
connectornya
5 . The patient took all the medicine , he did not
feel much better . ( I)
analysis :
• Second sentence / clause above is correct , but
there is no connectornya .
• correct sentence should be the patient took all
the medicine , but he did not feel much better .
